Medical thoracoscopy (Pleuroscopy)

Pleuroscopy

Pleuroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that lets doctors directly look inside the pleural space (the area between the lungs and chest wall) using a thin tube with a camera called pleuroscope. This procedure is also known as Medical Thoracoscopy.

It’s performed to:

  • Diagnose pleural diseases
  • Take biopsies (tissue samples)
  • Drain fluid from around the lungs.
  • Sometimes to treat or manage the cancer in pleura

Symptoms that may lead to Pleuroscopy

How is it Performed?

  1. Pre-procedure Evaluation: A CT scan or ultrasound is done to examine the pleural space. Blood tests and physical exams help to confirm fitness for the procedure.
  2. Giving Anesthesia: The procedure is done under the local anesthesia with sedation or sometimes general anesthesia. The patient is made to lie on one side (usually the healthy lung side).
  3. Making a Small Incision: A small cut is made on the side of the chest, usually between the ribs. The pleuroscope is inserted through this opening into the pleural space.
  4. Viewing and Sampling: The doctor looks directly at the inside of the chest wall and surface of the lung. Tissue samples (biopsies) are taken from any abnormal areas. If there is fluid, it is drained during the same procedure.
  5. Additional Treatment (If needed): In some cases, pleurodesis (putting a medicine to prevent fluid reaccumulation) is done. In case of pus or thick fluid, cleaning or washing may be done.
  6. Finishing and Recovery: A small chest tube may be used to drain any remaining fluid or air. You are monitored for a few hours or overnight in the hospital. The small incision is closed with the help of a stitch or dressing.
  7. Aftercare: A mild pain at the incision site and some fatigue is common for a few days. You may need to come back to remove the chest tube or for follow-up results. The biopsy results usually take a few days to come.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

No, you will be sedated, and local anesthesia will help to numb the area. You may feel a mild discomfort or soreness at the cut site.

The procedure usually takes 30 – 60 minutes, depending on whether it’s diagnostic only or if the treatment is also performed.

Yes, pleuroscopy is generally safe. Minor risks may include infection, bleeding, or temporary air leak, which are usually manageable.

You can usually return to the light activities within the span of 2-3 days. But you should avoid heavy lifting or intense work for about a week, or as advised by your doctor.

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