CPAP BiPAP Therapy & PAP Mask Interfaces in Delhi

PAP therapy : CPAP/Bipap/Mask interfaces

PAP Therapy means the Positive Airway Pressure therapy, a non-invasive breathing support method which is used for the individuals who experience difficulty in maintaining open airways during the sleep. It delivers pressurized air through a mask connected to a machine, helping prevent airway collapse, hypoventilation, or apneas during the sleep. It’s primarily used to treat sleep-related breathing disorders, especially Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA).

Causes

PAP therapy is prescribed when certain underlying medical conditions that cause breathing disturbances or airway collapse during sleep:

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), which is the most common reason.
Central Sleep Apnea, in this the brain fails to send signals to breathe.
Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS).
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) with nocturnal desaturation.
Neuromuscular conditions (ALS, muscular dystrophy) causing weak respiratory muscles.
Overlap syndrome, which is the coexistence of COPD and OSA.

Post-COVID lung fibrosis or reduced lung compliance.

Symptoms

Loud snoring and gasping during sleep.
Pauses in breathing (witnessed apneas).
Daytime fatigue or excessive sleepiness.
Morning headaches.
Difficulty focusing, memory issues.
Non-refreshing sleep.
Mood changes or irritability.
Waking with dry mouth or sore throat.

Diagnosis

PAP therapy is recommended after sleep evaluation, which includes:

Polysomnography (Level 1 Sleep Study) – A full overnight sleep test with sensors.
Level 2/3 Home Sleep Apnea Test – Limited channels, used for moderate to high-risk OSA.
PAP Titration Study – Conducted to find the optimal pressure required to prevent airway collapse.
Daytime tests (if needed):
MSLT / MWT (for excessive daytime sleepiness).
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) or PFT for chronic lung conditions.

Treatment

CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure)

Delivers constant, fixed pressure
Keeps the upper airway open during sleep
Used in most OSA cases
Simple, effective, and first-line therapy

BiPAP (Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure)

Provides two pressure levels:
IPAP – higher pressure during inhalation
EPAP – lower pressure during exhalation

Auto-PAP (APAP)

Automatically adjusts pressure based on real-time airway resistance
Best for patients with variable pressure needs

Mask Interfaces

Choosing the correct mask interface is crucial for comfort and effectiveness:

Nasal Mask – Covers only the nose; suitable for patients who breathe through the nose
Full Face Mask – Covers nose and mouth; used for mouth breathers or people with nasal congestion
Nasal Pillow – Minimal contact mask inserted in nostrils; ideal for claustrophobic users

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is PAP therapy uncomfortable?

Initially, yes. Many users take a few nights or weeks to adapt. With proper mask fit, humidification, and ramp features, comfort improves significantly.

2. What if I remove the mask in sleep unknowingly?

This is common in the beginning. Therefore try for practicing wearing the mask during the day, using a more comfortable or secure mask type, ensure that the pressure isn’t too high (may require titration adjustment).

3. Does PAP therapy cure sleep apnea?

No, it manages but does not cure OSA. PAP prevents airway collapse during use, but symptoms return if therapy is discontinued. Some patients can reverse OSA with weight loss, surgery, or dental devices.

4. How long do I need to use PAP?

For most people, lifelong usage is required unless the cause of apnea is removed. In cases like temporary lung weakness or reversible conditions, it may be reassessed over time.